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Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Post Impressionist Painter

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec [French Post-Impressionist Painter, 1864-1901]

Biography

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was born into an aristocratic family in the south of France in 1864. His father, Count Alphonse, was a notorious eccentric known for all kinds of unpredictable behavior: from washing his socks in the river (unheard of for an aristocrat!) to galloping off to a hunt wearing outlandish costumes, to simply disappearing for long stretches of time. The young Henri never became very close to him.

Unknown at the time, Henri suffered from a genetic condition that prevented his bones from healing properly. Fatefully, at age twelve, he broke his left leg. And at age fourteen, he broke his right leg. Both legs ceased to grow, while the rest of his body continued to grow normally. At maturity, Lautrec was 4 1/2 feet tall. But his great misfortune was a sort of blessing in disguise, at least from our perspective. After his accidents he was no longer able to follow his father in the typically aristocratic pastimes of riding and hunting. Instead, he focused on sketching and painting.

In his late teens, Lautrec was honored to become a student of the artist Fernand Cormon, whose studio was located on the hill above Paris, Montmartre. When he graduated from Cormon's studio, Lautrec gave himself up fully to the bohemian life, spending much of his time drinking and carousing — and constantly sketching — in cabarets, racetracks, and brothels.

Vincent van Gogh was also a pupil at Cormon’s studio. The two artists met in 1886 and an unusual friendship began to form between them. The highly serious Van Gogh and the ever jocular Lautrec felt an affinity for each other. Ironically enough, the lives of these so dissimilar characters show a surprising similarity. Both died young and were active as artists for only a short period of their lives. Moreover, both suffered great physical and mental hardship forcing them both to spend time in psychiatric hospitals. It is said that Lautrec advised the Dutch artist to go to the South of France because the sun was stronger there and made the landscape more colourful and expressive. As a result, Lautrec's color and style was influenced by both Van Gogh and Edgar Degas. (continued on the bottom)

IMAGES ARE COMPRESSED FOR FASTER LOADING


Absinthe Drinker	At the Moulin de la Gelatte	At the Moulin Rouge	Dance at the Moulin Rouge	Justine Dieuhl

La Goulue Arriving at the Moulin	Louis Pascal	Marcelle Lender Dancing the Bolero in Chilperic	Party in the Country	Seated Dancer in Pink

The Clowness of Chau U Kao	The Dancer and Five Stuffed Shirts	The Dancer in Her Dressing Room	The Medical Inspection	The Salon

The Toillete	Two Women Waltzing

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His stunted physique earned him laughs and scorn, and kept him from experiencing many of the physical pleasures offered in Montmartre, a sorrow that he drowned in alcohol. At first it was beer and wine. Then brandy, whiskey, and the infamous absinthe found their ways into his life. Art and alcohol were his only mistresses, and they were mistresses to which he devoted all of his time and energy. He was doing one or both almost every day of his life until he died.

Van Gogh and Lautrec were also both very much interested in Japanese woodcuts. Adapting the fad for Japanese style (asymmetric composition, flat areas of color) that then pervaded French art to the also burgeoning art of the picture poster, he created thousands of artworks both to memorialize his friends and to advertise their venues. Among those whose images are now a part of art history are the Moulin Rouge dancers Louise Weber (La Goulue) and Jane Avril, and the combative singer/entrepreneur Aristide Bruant.

Lautrec's lifestyle could not be sustained. In 1899 he entered what we would today call a detox clinic. In September, 1901 — just over one hundred years ago — he passed away at the age of 36. As he lay dying, his mother and a few friends sat at his side. When his father, the rarely-seen Count Alphonse showed up, everyone was astonished — except Henri. He said, "Good Papa. I knew you wouldn't miss the kill." During Henri's last hours, Count Alphonse behaved as strangely as ever. The count suggesting that they cut off Henri's beard in accordance with certain Arabic customs that he'd heard of, and that they use Henri's shoelaces to flick at noisy flies. Henri's last words were addressed to his father: "Old fool."

Henri de Toulouse Lautrec in Museums and Web Sites (Click on link to view image)

Detroit Institute of Arts

Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco

The State Hermitage Museum

J. Paul Getty Museum

Louvre Museum

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Museum

Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas
The Jockey, 1899

Museum of Fine Arts Boston

Museum of Modern Art, New York City
2 works online

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.
30 works by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec